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Oct 27 · 42.22 pre-release: ladders and crowbar break-insOct 23 · First-person mods are not officially supportedOct 21 · The Indie Stone on Java mods: download responsiblySep 28 · Build 42.21 Stable: zombie duplication fixesAug 26 · Security fixes on every branchAug 17 · Servers now handle up to 254 playersJul 29 · Build 42 goes Stable

Health, injuries & medicine

How to keep your character alive once they are hurt: every wound type with its cause, effect, treatment and healing time, which bandage to use, what each medicine actually does, and every sickness that is not the Knox infection. Updated for Build 42.21, November 2026.

A dim room in an abandoned house
Bandage first, think second
01Part

Every injury and its treatment

InjuryCauseWhat it doesTreatmentHeals in
ScratchZombie attack (7% Knox chance), climbing through broken windows, weaponsPain and bleeding; heals 15x slower left open; can get infectedDisinfect, then bandage. A plantain poultice under the bandage speeds it up4 to 9 hours bandaged
LacerationZombie attack (25% Knox chance), weaponsBleeding and pain; higher infection risk; heals 50x slower left openDisinfect, then bandage. Plantain poultice helps19 to 37 hours bandaged
BiteZombie attack; far more likely from behind100% Knox infection, plus an ordinary wound infectionBandage to stop the bleeding; disinfect for the wound infection. Nothing cures KnoxWound 2 to 3 days; Knox kills in 2 to 3 days
Deep woundLeft behind when a bullet or glass is removed (some sources add heavy hits)Heavy bleeding; high infection risk; never closes unbandagedStitch with a suture needle or needle and thread (forceps help), then bandageAbout 3 to 4 days
Glass shardClimbing through or breaking a window (1 in 7 window scratches)The wound cannot close while the glass is inRemove with tweezers or forceps, then treat as a deep woundAs a deep wound
Lodged bulletGunshotDamage like an open deep wound until removedRemove with tweezers or forceps, disinfect, stitch, bandage3 to 4 days after removal
BurnFire and heatPain and high infection risk; heals 20x slower openBandage; clean it with a fresh bandage when the panel says Needs Cleaning2 to 4 days
FractureFalls, car crashes, being hit by a carLimb health drains and caps your health; legs slow you to 30–40% speedSplint it (or make one from rags or strips plus a plank or branch). Comfrey poultice stacks with the splint39 to 61 days unsplinted; 8 to 12 days splinted at First Aid 0, about 1 day at First Aid 10
Wound infectionDirty bandages, bloody clothes over a wound, no bandage, glass left inSlower healing, more pain, health drainDisinfectant, alcohol wipes, antibiotics or a wild garlic poultice; use sterilized bandagesUntil cleared

Healing times are in-game time on default settings. Fast Healer and Slow Healer change them; First Aid makes every treatment better.

02Part

The right order

  1. Stop the bleeding. Bandage every bleeding wound first, neck and torso before limbs.
  2. Remove anything stuck in you: glass or bullets, with tweezers or forceps.
  3. Disinfect the wound with disinfectant, alcohol wipes or strong alcohol.
  4. Stitch deep wounds with a suture needle or a needle and thread.
  5. Bandage, ideally with a sterilized bandage.
  6. Splint fractures. No skill needed.
  7. Change dirty bandages before they cause an infection.

Open the health panel (H) after every fight. A wound you did not notice is the one that kills you.

03Part

Bandages compared

BandageStrengthNotes
Sterilized Bandage4No infection roll while clean
Bandage4–
Sterilized Rag2No infection roll while clean
Rag, Denim Strips, Leather Strips2Rag was Ripped Sheets in Build 41
Adhesive Bandage1.5Small wounds only

To sterilize, combine a bandage or rag with disinfectant or strong alcohol, or boil it. Dirty bandages can be washed in water, and since 42.21 in a washing machine. Higher First Aid makes every bandage last longer.

04Part

What each medicine does

MedicineEffectNotes
PainkillersReduce pain for a while; lets you sleep through pain10 uses
AntibioticsHalve the power of a wound infectionDo not treat Knox, colds or food poisoning
Disinfectant, alcohol wipesClean wounds; sterilize bandagesWhiskey and vodka also sterilize
Beta BlockersReduce and suppress panic10 uses
AntidepressantsSlowly lower unhappiness, after about 2 hoursRepeat doses refresh, don’t speed up
Sleeping PillsHelp you sleep through pain or panic–
Caffeine PillsReduce tiredness, add a little stressShown as Vitamins in Build 41; they heal nothing
Plantain PoulticeSpeeds healing of scratches, lacerations and deep woundsGoes under a bandage
Comfrey PoulticeSpeeds fracture healing; stacks with a splintShort-lived: many are needed
Wild Garlic PoulticeFights wound infection like a disinfectantNo bandage needed; can be applied in advance

Poultices need the Herbalist trait or the Wilderness Survival magazine and a mortar and pestle. The plants are on foraging and herbs.

05Part

Sickness that is not Knox

SicknessCauseCure
Food poisoningRotten, raw or risky food, poisonous berries and mushrooms, tainted water, bleachStop eating it, eat lemongrass, rest, drink clean water. Antibiotics do not help
Corpse sicknessPiles of bodies nearby (the Noxious Smell moodle)Leave the area, burn or move the bodies, eat lemongrass, wear a gas mask
Generator fumesRunning a generator indoorsMove it outside or wear a gas mask
ColdStaying wet and coldDry off, warm up, rest, eat common mallow. Sneezing attracts zombies
HypothermiaBody below 36.5°CDry clothes, layers, fire, shelter. Healing stops while cold
HyperthermiaBody above 37.5°CStrip layers, shade, water
DrunkAlcoholWait or sleep. Actions take longer while drunk
Knox infectionZombie woundsNone. See infection
06Part

What First Aid does

Longer bandages

Each bandage lasts longer the higher your First Aid.

Stronger splints

A splint at First Aid 0 takes 8 to 12 days to mend a fracture; at 10, about one day. Re-apply after levelling.

Less pain

Stitching, removing glass or bullets and cleaning burns hurt less at higher levels.

Fewer infections

The chance a stitch gets infected falls from 1 in 5 at level 0 to 1 in 30 at level 10.

First Aid only rises from treating wounds; see skills. Nurses start at 3, Doctors at 6.

07Part

Body parts and what each injury blocks

The health panel tracks 17 parts: head, neck, upper and lower torso, groin, and left and right upper arm, forearm, hand, thigh, shin and foot. The same wound costs about the same health wherever it lands, but what it stops you doing depends entirely on where it is.

RegionWhat an injury there doesSplint?
HeadA fracture raises fatigue; helmets matter because it cannot be setNo
NeckAny open wound ignores the usual damage cap and drains health fast; an unbandaged neck can kill in minutes without ever showing Severe Bleedingn/a
Upper torsoA fracture cuts endurance and caps maximum health at roughly 60% until it healsNo
Lower torso, groinNo special penalty listed beyond pain and bleedingNo
Arms and handsFractures and wounds reduce combat ability; pain here lowers melee damage and attack speedYes
Thighs, shins, feetFractures cut movement to a fraction, from 0.25 of normal at First Aid 0 to 0.75 at level 10, and you cannot sprintYes

Bleeding is graded by how many wounds are open, not where: one wound bleeds slowly, two cost moderate health and a point of carrying capacity, three are serious, four or more mean death from blood loss is imminent. The neck is the exception, since it drains on its own. So the order after a fight is neck, then anything else that bleeds, then fractures.

Exercise injures too. Each exercise builds stiffness in the parts it works: squats and burpees in the legs, push-ups and dumbbell work in the arms and chest. Stiffness becomes exercise fatigue, which is pain, and arm pain costs melee damage while leg pain makes you clumsy and slow. The Regularity bar in the exercise menu softens it; fitness instructors start at 40 to 59%, everyone else near zero, so build up over several days rather than one long session.

08Part

Deep wounds and stitches, step by step

Deep wounds come from breaking a window with your hands, climbing through broken glass, walking on glass barefoot, falling a floor, a hard car crash or an axe. They bleed heavily, and they do not close on their own in any useful time: pzwiki puts an unstitched deep wound at about a month even when bandaged. Stitch it.

  1. Bandage first if it is bleeding. Any rag will do for the minute it takes to find the kit; you can replace it afterwards.
  2. Take out whatever is in it. Glass comes out with tweezers or bare hands (bare hands hurt more). A bullet needs tweezers or a suture needle holder. The wound cannot close while anything is inside.
  3. Disinfect. Alcohol wipes and cotton balls doused in alcohol are the strongest (power 4), a bottle of disinfectant slightly weaker (3). This is the step that stops an ordinary wound infection.
  4. Stitch. A suture needle hurts less; a needle and thread works, and First Aid level sets the chance the stitch itself infects. If you have the Herbalist trait, a plantain poultice speeds this type of wound.
  5. Bandage over the stitches. Bandaging halves recovery time, and a sterilised bandage lowers the infection chance further.
  6. Check it daily. Bandages go dirty; a dirty one raises infection risk, so swap it and wash the old one. Since 42.21 a washing machine cleans rags and bandages in bulk.

If the panel later says the wound is infected, it is not Knox. An ordinary infection doubles pain gain and slows healing but does not kill on its own; antibiotics halve its strength and a wild garlic poultice fights it. Lodged bullets follow the same six steps. Fast Healer trims every timer, Slow Healer stretches it, and a Well Fed moodle adds about 30% to healing on top. Suture needles are only for wounds: they cannot be used for tailoring.

09Part

Knox against the clock

Queasy on day two could be any of four things. Knox infection has a published timeline, so compare it with the alternatives before you spend the antibiotics or write the character off.

Hours since the woundKnox infection stageHealth
0Body temperature climbs at onceNone yet
1 to 4AnxietyNone
5 to 12QueasySlight loss
13 to 24NauseousModerate loss
25 to 48SickSevere loss
49 to 71FeverTerminal
72Death, reanimation a minute or two later–

Those are pzwiki's figures for default settings; keeping fed and watered slows the loss but changes nothing else, and Resilient or Prone to Illness nudge the speed. Sandbox can make mortality near-instant or stretch it to a week or two, and a latent option makes every corpse rise regardless. See sandbox settings.

A cold

Starts with a runny nose and sneezes at 20% strength, sniffles at 40%, a proper cold at 60% with slower movement and healing, and near-constant sneezing at 80%. It follows being wet or cold, not a bite. Tissues muffle the sneeze; common mallow reduces it; warmth, food and rest cure it.

Food poisoning

Queasy within hours of rotten, burnt or raw food, with no fever. It passes on its own; Iron Gut shortens it.

Wound infection

Shown on the wound itself in the health panel, hurts more than it should, and since 42.17 hurts in every game mode. Survivable; disinfect, re-bandage, antibiotics.

Knox

Temperature up immediately, anxious within hours, then steady sickness that never improves. No cure.

Blood on you and your clothes feeds the ordinary infections, not Knox. Wash at a sink, bath, well, river, lake or rain collector; soap makes it about five times faster and is used up on bloodstains. Fear of Blood characters also gain stress while bloody, so wash before you sleep. Since 42.20 hypothermia no longer kills unreasonably fast, but a cold on top of Knox still shortens the clock, so keep an infected character warm and dry if you are going to use the time to say goodbye.

10Part

Quick answers

How do you treat a deep wound in Project Zomboid?

Remove any glass or bullet with tweezers, disinfect, stitch it with a suture needle or needle and thread, then bandage.

How long does a broken leg take to heal?

39 to 61 days without a splint; with a splint 8 to 12 days at First Aid 0 and about a day at First Aid 10.

Do antibiotics cure the Knox infection?

No. They only treat ordinary wound infections.

What is the best bandage?

A sterilized bandage: strongest, and no infection chance while it stays clean.

How do I cure a cold?

Stay dry and warm, rest, eat well and eat common mallow.

Wound types, healing times and treatments from the Build 42 code as summarised by pindrop.gg (September 2026), fracture times from pzfans.com (42.21), item effects from pzfans item data. Deep wound causes and poultice strengths vary between sources. Added November 2026: pzwiki.net Health, First Aid, Bleeding, Knox Infection, Has a cold, Pain, Exercise, Hypothermia; pzfans.com laundry and blood guides (42.19).