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Oct 27 · 42.22 pre-release: ladders and crowbar break-insOct 23 · First-person mods are not officially supportedOct 21 · The Indie Stone on Java mods: download responsiblySep 28 · Build 42.21 Stable: zombie duplication fixesAug 26 · Security fixes on every branchAug 17 · Servers now handle up to 254 playersJul 29 · Build 42 goes Stable

Traits & occupations

Every occupation and every trait in Build 42: what each one costs, the skills and free traits it brings, what it cannot be combined with, and what changed when 42.16 reworked the whole system. 25 occupations, 49 positive traits, 32 negative traits and 4 you only get from a job. Updated for Build 42.21, November 2026.

A quiet Knox Country street
Who you were before decides how long you last
01Part

How character points work

Character creation is a budget. Your occupation sets your starting points: a Custom Occupation gives you 8 to spend, an Electrician starts you 2 in debt. Positive traits cost points; negative traits give them back. You can only start the game when the total is zero or higher.

Occupation

Sets starting points, starting skill levels, sometimes a free trait and a set of known recipes.

Positive traits

Cost points. Skill bonuses, better senses, faster healing, bigger bags.

Negative traits

Give points. Pick the ones that will not matter for how you play.

Starting levels

Also change XP: a skill at 0 earns 0.25x, +1 earns 1x, +2 earns 1.33x, +3 or more 1.66x (not Fitness, Strength or Running).

Weight traits (Overweight, Underweight and so on) are no longer bought with points in Build 42. Your starting weight is a state set by your metabolism trait, and changes with what you eat.

02Part

Every occupation

Points shown as they apply to your budget: + gives you points, − costs you. Sorted from cheapest to most expensive.

OccupationPointsStarting skillsFree trait and notes
Custom Occupation+8NoneUnboosted skills earn XP at 0.25x. Was Unemployed in B41
Burger Flipper+2+2 Cooking, +1 Maintenance, +1 Short BladeFree trait: Keen Cook
Tailor+2+4 TailoringNew in B42. Knitting, sewing and framepack recipes
Doctor0+6 First Aid, +1 Short BladeCost moved from −4 (B41) to 0 by 42.19
Farmer0+4 Agriculture, +1 Animal Care, +1 StrengthCrop seasons, pest cures, preserves
Firefighter0+1 Running, +1 Strength, +1 Fitness, +1 AxeRenamed from Fire Officer in 42.16
Lumberjack0+2 Axe, +1 Strength, +1 MaintenanceFree trait: Ax-pert
Nurse0+3 First Aid, +1 Lightfooted, +1 FitnessFree trait: Night Owl (since 42.16)
Rancher0+4 Animal Care, +3 Butchering, +1 FitnessNew in B42. Make Barbed Wire
Carpenter−2+4 Carpentry, +1 Carving, +1 Short Blunt, +1 Masonry, +1 MaintenanceWeapon reinforcement and framepack recipes
Chef−2+4 Cooking, +2 Butchering, +1 Maintenance, +1 Short BladeFree trait: Keen Cook. Baking and preserves
Construction Worker−2+2 Short Blunt, +2 Masonry, +1 Long Blunt, +1 Carpentry, +1 Maintenance–
DIY Expert−2+2 Maintenance, +1 Carpentry, +1 Short Blunt, +1 MasonryFree trait: Inventive. Was Repairman in B41
Electrician−2+5 ElectricalGenerator, timers, remotes, radios, improvised lights
Fishing Guide−2+3 Fishing, +1 Foraging, +1 ButcheringWas Fisherman (B41), then Angler (42.0)
Security Guard−2+2 Running, +1 Lightfooted, +1 Short BluntFree trait: Night Owl
Engineer−4+1 Electrical, +1 Carpentry, +1 MasonryExplosives, gas-mask parts, generator recipes
Mechanic−4+4 Mechanics, +1 WeldingFree trait: Vehicle Knowledge. All vehicle tiers
Park Ranger−4+1 Trapping, +1 First Aid, +1 Foraging, +1 Knapping, +1 CarvingFree trait: Herbalist. Faster through trees
Police Officer−4+4 Aiming, +1 Reloading, +1 Nimble–
Welder−4+4 WeldingForge, furnace and metal recipes. Was Metalworker
Blacksmith−6+4 Blacksmithing, +1 Maintenance, +1 Short BluntNew in B42. Free trait: Blacksmith Knowledge
Burglar−6+2 Nimble, +2 Sneaking, +2 LightfootedFree trait: Burglar (hotwire). Shivs, key copying
Fitness Instructor−6+3 Fitness, +2 Running, +1 StrengthFree trait: Nutritionist
Veteran−8+2 Aiming, +2 ReloadingFree trait: Desensitized
03Part

Every trait

Filter by type, or type a skill name (try “Fitness” or “Carpentry”) to see every trait that touches it.

TraitPointsEffectNotes and exclusions
Athleticcosts 10+4 Fitness; faster running, slower endurance lossNot with Fit, Unfit, Out of Shape, Smoker
Strongcosts 10+4 Strength; more knockback and carry weightNot with Stout, Weak, Puny
Bushcraftercosts 8+1 Foraging, Knapping, Maintenance, Carving; herbs and stone toolsWas Wilderness Knowledge (42.0)
Handycosts 8+1 Carpentry, Carving, Maintenance, Masonry; faster, stronger builds–
Huntercosts 8+1 Aiming, Tracking, Sneaking, Short Blade, Butchering–
Thick-skinnedcosts 8Scratches and bites break the skin less oftenNot with Thin-skinned
Blacksmith Knowledgecosts 6+2 Blacksmithing, +1 Maintenance; can use an anvilNew in B42
Brawlercosts 6+1 Axe, +1 Long Blunt–
Fast Healercosts 6Faster recovery from injury and illnessNot with Slow Healer
Fast Learnercosts 6More XP from everythingNot with Slow Learner, Crafty
Fitcosts 6+2 FitnessNot with Athletic, Unfit, Out of Shape
Former Scoutcosts 6+1 First Aid, +1 Foraging, +1 Fishing; faster bow-drill fires–
Keen Hearingcosts 6Larger perception radiusNot with Deaf, Hard of Hearing
Stoutcosts 6+2 StrengthNot with Strong, Weak, Puny
Gymnastcosts 5+1 Lightfooted, +1 Nimble–
Hikercosts 5+1 Foraging, +1 Trapping–
Target Shootercosts 5+1 AimingNew in 42.16
Adrenaline Junkiecosts 4Moves faster when very panickedNot with Brave, Cowardly, phobias, Desensitized
Anglercosts 4+1 Fishing–
Baseball Playercosts 4+1 Long Blunt–
Bravecosts 4Panics lessNot with Cowardly, phobias
Eagle Eyedcosts 4Longer view distance, better sights at rangeNot with Short Sighted
Gracefulcosts 4Less noise when movingNot with Clumsy
Herbalistcosts 4+1 Foraging; finds medicinal herbs, makes poultices–
Inconspicuouscosts 4Zombies spot you lessNot with Conspicuous
Organizedcosts 4Bigger container capacityNot with Disorganized
Resilientcosts 4Less disease, slower zombificationNot with Prone to Illness
Runnercosts 4+1 Running–
Sewercosts 4+1 Tailoring–
Tinkerercosts 4+1 MaintenanceNew in 42.16
Cat's Eyescosts 3Better night vision–
Craftycosts 3More XP for crafting skillsNew in B42. Not with Fast or Slow Learner
Keen Cookcosts 3+2 Cooking, +1 Butchering; cooking recipesWas Cook in B41
Vehicle Knowledgecosts 3+1 Mechanics; knows common vehiclesWas Amateur Mechanic
Wakefulcosts 3Needs less sleepNot with Sleepyhead
Artisancosts 2+1 Glassmaking, +1 PotteryNew in B42
Dextrouscosts 2Faster item transfers and climbingNot with All Thumbs
Fast Readercosts 2Reads fasterNot with Slow Reader, Illiterate
First Aidercosts 2+1 First Aid–
Gardenercosts 2+1 Agriculture; growing and pest recipes–
Inventivecosts 2Lower skill needed to research recipesNew in B42
Iron Gutcosts 2Less food poisoningNot with Weak Stomach
Light Eatercosts 2Needs less foodNot with Hearty Appetite
Low Thirstcosts 2Needs less waterNot with High Thirst
Masoncosts 2+2 MasonryNew in B42
Nutritionistcosts 2Sees nutrition values on all food–
Outdoorsycosts 2Less affected by harsh weatherWas Outdoorsman
Whittlercosts 2+2 Carving; wood and bone itemsNew in B42
Speed Demoncosts 1Drives fasterNot with Sunday Driver
Deafgives 12Cannot hearNot with Hard of Hearing, Keen Hearing
Illiterategives 10Cannot read books or signsNot with Fast or Slow Reader
Punygives 10−5 Strength; very low carry weightWas Weak in B41
Unfitgives 10−4 Fitness; very low enduranceNot with Athletic, Fit, Out of Shape
Thin-skinnedgives 8Scratches and bites break the skin more oftenNot with Thick-skinned
Disorganizedgives 6Smaller container capacityNot with Organized
Out of Shapegives 6−2 Fitness–
Restless Sleepergives 6Sleep restores less–
Slow Learnergives 6Less XP from everythingNot with Fast Learner, Crafty
Weakgives 6−2 StrengthWas Feeble in B41
Fear of Bloodgives 5Panics treating wounds; cannot treat othersWas Hemophobic
Reluctant Fightergives 5Less combat XPWas Pacifist
Short of Breathgives 5Loses endurance fasterWas Asthmatic
Agoraphobicgives 4Panics outdoorsNot with Claustrophobic, Brave
Claustrophobicgives 4Panics in small roomsNot with Agoraphobic, Brave
Conspicuousgives 4Zombies spot you moreNot with Inconspicuous
Hard of Hearinggives 4Smaller hearing rangeNot with Deaf, Keen Hearing
Hearty Appetitegives 4Needs more foodNot with Light Eater
Prone to Illnessgives 4More disease, faster zombificationNot with Resilient
Sleepyheadgives 4Needs more sleepNot with Wakeful
Slow Healergives 3Slower recoveryNot with Fast Healer
Smokergives 3Unhappy without tobacco; smoking cuts stressNot with Athletic
All Thumbsgives 2Slow transfers; no crafting while walkingNot with Dextrous
Clumsygives 2Noisier movementNot with Graceful
Cowardlygives 2Panics easilyNot with Brave
Fast Metabolismgives 2Loses weight; starts at Low WeightNew in B42
High Thirstgives 2Needs more waterNot with Low Thirst
Short Sightedgives 2Shorter view, weaker sightsNot with Eagle Eyed
Slow Metabolismgives 2Gains weight; starts at High WeightNew in B42
Slow Readergives 2Reads slowerNot with Fast Reader, Illiterate
Weak Stomachgives 2More food poisoningNot with Iron Gut
Sunday Drivergives 1Drives very slowlyNot with Speed Demon
Ax-pertfreeFaster axe swings and tree choppingLumberjack only
BurglarfreeHotwire cars; breaks fewer window locksBurglar only
DesensitizedfreeAlmost no panic; immune to DiscomfortVeteran only
Night OwlfreeNeeds little sleep, alert while asleepNurse, Security Guard
04Part

Traits you only get from a job

Ax-pert

Lumberjack. Faster axe swings and much faster tree felling.

Burglar

Burglar. Hotwire cars without Electrical or Mechanics, break fewer window locks.

Desensitized

Veteran. Almost no panic, and since 42.16 immune to the Discomfort moodle.

Night Owl

Nurse and Security Guard. Needs little sleep and stays alert while sleeping.

Several positive traits also come free with a job: Keen Cook (Chef, Burger Flipper), Vehicle Knowledge (Mechanic), Herbalist (Park Ranger), Inventive (DIY Expert), Nutritionist (Fitness Instructor) and Blacksmith Knowledge (Blacksmith). Taking that job saves you the points.

05Part

Builds that work

Our picks, not The Indie Stone’s. All of these balance to zero or better on default settings.

First run: Lumberjack bruiser

Lumberjack (0) with Strong (−10) and Wakeful (−3), paid for by Weak Stomach (+2), Slow Reader (+2), Hearty Appetite (+4), Sunday Driver (+1) and Conspicuous (+4). Big hits, cuts trees for a base, never sleeps in.

The long game: Carpenter

Carpenter (−2) with Handy (−8), Organized (−4) and Wakeful (−3), paid for by Smoker (+3), Slow Healer (+3), High Thirst (+2), Out of Shape (+6), Clumsy (+2) and Sunday Driver (+1). A fortress by week two.

Quiet looter: Burglar

Burglar (−6) with Graceful (−4), Inconspicuous (−4) and Cat’s Eyes (−3), paid for by Restless Sleeper (+6), Hearty Appetite (+4), Smoker (+3), Weak Stomach (+2), Slow Reader (+2) and Sunday Driver (+1). Hotwire, sneak, never fight.

Medic for a group: Nurse

Nurse (0) with Fast Learner (−6) and Fast Reader (−2), paid for by Weak (+6) and High Thirst (+2). Free Night Owl, +3 First Aid, and reads every manual first.

The traits most players regret skipping: Wakeful, Organized and Fast Learner. The negatives that cost least in practice: Sunday Driver, Weak Stomach, Slow Reader and High Thirst. The ones to never take on your first run: Deaf, Illiterate, Thin-skinned and Prone to Illness.

06Part

What changed from Build 41

New jobs

Blacksmith, Tailor and Rancher.

Renamed jobs

Unemployed → Custom Occupation, Fire Officer → Firefighter, Fisherman → Angler → Fishing Guide, Metalworker → Welder, Repairman → DIY Expert.

New traits

Bushcrafter, Blacksmith Knowledge, Crafty, Artisan, Mason, Whittler, Inventive, Fast and Slow Metabolism, and in 42.16 Tinkerer and Target Shooter.

Removed

Lucky and Unlucky. Obese, Overweight, Underweight and Very Underweight are no longer point traits.

Renamed traits

Asthmatic → Short of Breath, Pacifist → Reluctant Fighter, Hemophobic → Fear of Blood, Outdoorsman → Outdoorsy, Weak → Puny, Feeble → Weak, Cook → Keen Cook, Amateur Mechanic → Vehicle Knowledge, Axe Man → Ax-pert.

Cheaper

Adrenaline Junkie, Eagle Eyed, Organized, Low Thirst, Light Eater, Herbalist, Gardener, Nutritionist and First Aider all cost less than in B41. High Thirst, Slow Healer and Smoker give less.

The 42.16 update (31 March 2026) reworked job costs and starting skills across the board; several were adjusted again in 42.19 and 42.20. See version history.

07Part

Quick answers

What is the best occupation in Project Zomboid Build 42?

For a first run, Lumberjack or Carpenter: both cost little and make the early game easier. For long games, Carpenter or Mechanic. Custom Occupation gives the most points (8) to spend on traits.

What are the best traits in Project Zomboid?

Strong, Athletic, Fast Learner, Organized and Wakeful are the common picks. Thick-skinned is the best defensive trait because it lowers the chance a scratch breaks the skin.

Which negative traits are safe to take?

Sunday Driver, Weak Stomach, Slow Reader, High Thirst and Smoker cost little in practice. Avoid Deaf, Illiterate, Thin-skinned and Prone to Illness on a first run.

Were Lucky and Unlucky removed?

Yes. Neither trait exists in Build 42.

How many points does Unemployed give?

Unemployed is now called Custom Occupation and gives 8 points, with no starting skills and 0.25x XP on untrained skills.

Point costs and skills checked against the Build 42.21 profession and trait data as published by pindrop.gg and pzfans.com, cross-checked with projectzomboid.wiki and The Indie Stone’s 42.16 notes. Builds and rules of thumb are ProjectZom’s opinion.